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The pandemic between 1830 and 1831 in the Russian Empire on basis of memoires letters, press notices, executive ordinances, other individual official sources In XIXth century, there appeared a new disease, probably hitherto unknown to Europeans, infections cholera, called after place Asia where it was endemic. introductory part this article, brief history illness is sketched out, from time its appearance 1816 modern times. areas affected then are shown number victims. second dealt with most detail; when first significant Empire. article demonstrates route by which cholera spread, beginning Orenburg, months 1829 February 1830, 3,590 persons fell ill 865 died. state authorities tried gather all information nature symptoms, course, and, above all, prior protection cure. basic means prevention were cordons sanitaires, isolation homes, quarantining sick, fumigating (disinfecting) rooms. spread disease that killed many accompanied fear sometimes panic among population. This expressed mass disturbances cholera-related revolts. They took Sebastopol, Moscow, Tambov. There mob physically assaulted officials, doctors, soldiers. struggle against society’s reaction via prism both decision makers eyes ordinary people, particularly those directly disease. contains several interesting quotations memoir writing; Tsar’s his family shown, also effects unequal struggle.